The 1996 James Tiptree, Jr. Award: Long List
, Pussy, King of the Pirates, Grove Press, 1996
This retelling of Treasure Island as "a girl's story," (the author's words) is like Switchblade Sisters on the High Seas. A combination of high-theory on women's bodies, possession and language and drive-in movie biker violence. There's no one else who writes like Acker. [RK]
, The Memory Palace, HarperCollins, 1996
A wonderfully decadent and intricate look at traditional gender archetypes, ringing changes on celibacy, impotency, fecundity, purity, decadence, magic, story-telling, words, nature and unnature. Really well (if a touch over-) done. [DS]
, Jigsaw Woman, Roc, 1996
The central character is engaging, the characters she's made up of (you'll understand that if you read it) are interesting, the book has a sense of humor about its subject (which takes some doing), and a sense of compassion about the things that living in an unrelentingly patriarchal culture do to men. [DS]
, "Y Chromosome," The New Yorker, November 18, 1996
Doug and his ninety-nine brothers have gathered in the family library for some male-bonding before dinner. A mighty funny look at the dance of dominance, told by a shoe-fetishist who ends up on the floor. [KJF]
, Alias Grace, Doubleday, 1996
Whether or not this book is fantasy depends on your interpretation of a crucial scene towards the end of the book, though it certainly has minor fantastic elements (fortune-telling and premonitory dreams). So be warned: this book is only tenuously eligible for Tiptree consideration, but, in my opinion, too fine to be overlooked on a technicality. Alias Grace is a novel about the famous 19th century "murderess," Grace Marks, a servant who was convicted, along with her fellow servant James McDermott, of the murder of their employer and his housekeeper (and mistress). The way in which the historical Grace was involved in the murders is not clear, and Atwood is careful not to give a definitive answer. Instead, through the imagined Grace's experience, she explores work, sexual and class exploitation, fame, and the public fascination with murder, especially murder of or by a good-looking woman. Also innocence, responsibility, and memory. [JML]
, Excession, Little, Brown, 1996
Gender-exploring in a vein similar to that of Banks' other Culture novels-the people of the Culture routinely change sex and many of the characters are genderless machine intelligences. In addition, one of the main characters in Excession is a woman who has arrested her pregnancy for forty years. Entertaining, but not Banks' best work. [JML]
, "Blue" in her collection Girl Goddess #9, HarperCollins, 1996
Block is a truly wonderful writer. Her power is rooted in a deceptively simple prose style which is compounded of young adult novels and children's fairy tales. Block takes these simple elements and weaves magical little stories with them. "Blue" is the story of the breakdown (and resurrection) of a family after the mother's suicide. The title character is a tiny transsexual dwarf who appears at a moment of crisis to a young girl in the story (and the only fantasy element). Is Blue an externalization of her own superego or simply a sign that she shares her mother's madness? Will she survive to know? Unfortunately, there isn't quite enough gender exploration in the story for it to be a Tiptree winner, but it's as emotionally strong and true and well-crafted as anything the judges read this year. [RK]
, "Girl Goddess #9" in her collection Girl Goddess #9, HarperCollins, 1996
A creepy encounter between two teenage girls and Graves' White Goddess, with an ambiguous end which may be interpreted as a critique of the patriarchal vision of the female muse. Or not. [JML]
, Dead Things, St. Martin's, 1996
Dead Things is the resolution to a complex trilogy chronicling the coming of a new sort of being into the world: predatory and hyper-sexualized females, the Lilim. Imagine a kind of perfect, frictionless Barbie doll with fangs. Dead Things is all about gender, but its challenge is inverted. It doesn't show new possibilities, but parodies accepted gender roles by pushing them to Wagnerian heights, making them all-defining, all-consuming and grotesque. It's a brutal kind of parody-fascinating, but an acquired taste. And that's part of the problem. Dead Things, the last book of the trilogy, does not stand alone. In fact, as the most stylized of the three books, it's almost incomprehensible without the background and language provided by the other two books. Taken together, the trilogy-Dead Girls, Dead Boys, Dead Things-is a literary head kick, pushing gender and bio-tech buttons as hard as something like Neuromancer pushed the romance of digital criminality. My recommendation is to read the whole set of books. And maybe try to convince a publisher to reprint them in a single volume, or better yet, to publish something like this in a single year so that a future committee can consider the work as a single thing, rather than being served a wing and a leg and trying to vote on the whole chicken. [RK]
, "The Lucifer of Blue" in Off Limits, Ellen Datlow ed. St. Martin's, 1996
A haunting story of the Spanish Civil War. Coldsmith sets the piece in a brothel and gives us the amalgam of war and sex, without glamorizing or simplifying. [KJF]
, The Splendor and the Misery of Bodies, of Cities (excerpt), The Review of Contemporary Fiction, Fall, 1996
An intriguing fragment in which the sexual identifiers change from paragraph to paragraph; woman appears to be the large category and man the subset, or the other. The setting is off world, there are aliens and the added layer of alien sexual identifiers. I am eager to see this play out in a longer work. [KJF]
, Lunatics, St. Martin's, 1996
An exploration of the current status of the war between the sexes, The Big Chill with wings and talons. [DS]
Greg Egan Distress, Orion 1995
"Gender migration" as the ultimate critique of identity politics. Egan makes a credible case for the virtues of asexuality and androgyny, one that made me wonder just why I find the idea so disturbing. In contrast to Tepper, who comes off (to me at least) as anti-sex, Egan is clearly pro-freedom. [JML]
, "Tiresias" in Genderflex, Cecila Tam, ed.; Circlet Press, 1996
A very sexy story which, incidentally, illustrates the distinction between gender change and sex change. [JML]
, The Bones of Time, Tor, 1996
Great read. Reminded me of Distress a bit-a perilous, shoot-em-up mystery plot with a lot of physics theory filling in the cracks. Early on, the narrator, a Hawaiian woman of Japanese ancestry, mentions that the old gender-biased educational system has been completely eradicated. We then rocket through an international chase, which allows no time to pause and see what the results of this have been. But what we're left with is a story in which no one's sex seems to matter at all. Which has its own kind of refreshment for the weary reader. [KJF]
, The Lunatic Cafe, Ace, 1996
The adventures of Anita Blake, vampire assassin and zombie hunter. She's a Christian and doesn't believe in premarital sex. I find this more unusual and intriguing than the fact that she packs a piece and doesn't hesitate to use it. Things have come to such a pass! For our purposes, there are interesting dominance issues throughout, made more interesting by the fact that half the characters are werewolves and pack animals. Lots of the book is same old/same old sexually, but enjoyed for the same old reasons, which means enjoyable. Great fun in fact. [KJF]
, Into the Forest, Calyx, 1996
A very poetic book about two young sisters living in rural isolation after the collapse of civilization. None of the gender issues are very pointed, but the relationship of women and wilderness is a particular fascination of mine, and I found this an entirely engaging addition to the tradition. The writing is especially lush. [KJF]
, No Quarter, DAW, 1996
Tanya Huff has to be one of the most dependable writers of cracking good fantasies around. This book is no exception. Compulsively readable and great fun. The Tiptree elements concerns a man existing (as a separate being) within the body of a woman. However, for Tiptree purposes, there is really not enough exploration of this intriguing scenario. [JL]
, "Red Sonja and Lessingham in Dreamland," in Off Limits, Ellen Datlow ed.; St. Martin's, 1996
A nasty twist on virtuality's mutual dreaming and the insidious clichéed archetypes that have such a tenacious grip on our imaginations. [JL]
, Manchu Palaces, Henry Holt, 1996
No one has ever managed to analyze the power of concubines in any new and interesting way. But in the last thirty pages of this wonderful book, Larsen does throw out our previous sexual assumptions and go somewhere unexpected. This is an intricate and beautiful book made up of stories about stories which contain stories, and I loved it. [KJF]
, "The Reason for Not Going to the Ball," Fantasy & Science Fiction, October/November, 1996
A new version of an old nemesis. Lee's fairytale shows that there is always and infinitely another side to things. A good addition to the growing body of Cinderella rewrites. [KJF]
, "Sleepy People" in his collection The Wall of the Sky, the Wall of the Eye; Harcourt Brace, 1996
A woman finds a man asleep on her doorstep and brings him into the house, where he remains asleep through various events. I read it as, in part, a comment on the lumpish husband who sits in front of the TV and is herded around by his wife: male protector/provider reduced to the role of passive icon. [JML]
, Remnant Population, Baen, 1996
A consciousness-raising novel about an old, working class woman named Ofelia who has spent most of her life bowing to the will of her husband, her employers, and her children. The book is mostly about Ofelia "finding" herself, developing a new strength, and, at the same time, becoming a pivotal person in the formation of the relationship between humans and another intelligent species. Elderly female protagonists are rare (I'm tempted to say unknown) in science fiction, and it's refreshing to see one portrayed with complexity and honor. Unfortunately, Ofelia's opponents and detractors are all straw men (and women); they are so completely one-dimensional and unsympathetic that Ofelia's ultimate triumph seems cheapened. In retrospect, the most interesting aspect of the book, to me, was the aliens' combination of youth (as a species) and intelligence. In science fiction, humans are often pitted against primitives or against older and more "advanced" (but stuffy and conservative) alien civilizations. It's rare to see a situation in which humans are coping with a new, young alien race that's smarter than we are. Of course, this has nothing to do with gender. At least, I don't think so. [JML]
, Foragers, Bantam, 1996
The set-up, with some agreeable twists and additions, is the human anthropologist among an alien race-known in this case as the slazans. Humanity is at war with one set of these aliens, when another, an isolated group of hunter/gatherers, is found. The human anthropologist finds among them that the primary value is for solitude. This is an ambitious book with an obvious sexual component and a complex web of plots and subplots. [KJF]
, Serial Killer Days, St. Martin's, 1996
While not terribly pointed in terms of gender content, this novel does contain a marvelous send-up of beauty pageants and the American entertainment industry's appetite for young murdered women. The protagonist is competing for the crown of Scream Queen and fighting her own unfortunate and unmarketable fearlessness. Very funny and absolutely original. [KJF]
, Blue Mars, Bantam, 1996
The final and best book of one of my favourite science fiction trilogies of all time. On finishing it my first impulse was to go back and re-read the whole thing in one go. Robinson's Mars is one of the most fully-realised, fascinating future histories ever written. However, from a Tiptree point of view, the book's speculation about gender is disappointing. On page 43 we are told that sexual violence against women has disappeared and on page 345 that patriarchy has been brought to an end. We are not shown this reinscription of the roles of men and women, however, as, in much loving and convincing detail, Robinson delineates many of the other changes on Mars as its human society is created and grows. [JL]
, "A Boy's Night Out" in Genderflex, Cecilia Tam, ed.; Circlet Press. 1996
A light-hearted story about the irrelevance of sex to gender, and vice versa. [JML]
, "Fetish" in Off Limits, Ellen Datlow, ed.; St. Martin's, 1996
I sometimes think that in the West gender difference is all about hair, not genitals-this story is a witty, sharp exploration of just that. [JL]
, Fair Peril, Avon, 1996
What Springer does with the structures and assumptions of fairy-tale, the way she weaves Story and psychology, the way she makes us hate a character like Prentis and then shows us enough of his vulnerability to make him more than a simple MCP stereotype-not to mention the fact that I kept laughing out loud-are delightful. [DS]
, "Bicycle Repairman" in Intersections: The Sycamore Hill Anthology, John Kessel, Mark L. Van Name, and Richard Butner, ed.; Tor, 1996
The protagonist is on anti-libidinals as a member of the Sexual Deliberation Movement, and argues briefly that true freedom is freedom from the urge to reproduce. There's also a fabulous social worker in the story. All a bit peripheral, but fine stuff, nevertheless. [KJF]
, Holy Fire, Bantam, 1996
It begins with a crone. In a period of extended lifespans, sex and family and connections of any kind are something she long ago put behind her. She is a well-behaved, rich, and powerful old person who says she has become something other than a woman. She takes a new rejuvenation treatment and becomes a young, beautiful, badly behaved girl and, for a time, a model. I don't think Sterling understands the world of high fashion any better than I do, which is to say, not at all. The sexual aspects of his character's identity are more interesting in the crone part of the book, which is relatively short, than they are in the vamp part of the book. And the sexual aspects are drowned under the less familiar and more fascinating generational aspects. What would it be like to be the last generation of humans who die? This is a wonderful novel and maybe Sterling's best to date. [KJF]
, Cloud's End, Ace, 1996
A magical blending of fairy tale, myth and fantasy. Although the book is packed with as much fairy tale adventure as any Tolkien clone the book's heart is in the realms of the domestic. The book offers a traditional hero named Seven and then makes his story a minor melody. Marriage, children and home are central. However, this is not the saccharine family values imagined by the political right. Home and hearth are as disturbing and uncertain as any of the more traditional sites of adventure Cloud's End has to offer. [JL]
, Nearly Roadkill, High Risk Books, 1996
I wanted to like this book better than I did. It takes place in the near future, and it takes the form of a series of transcriptions of Internet communications with various backgrounds filled in through connecting narratives. It's the story of two people's erotic adventures on-line in a variety of different guises and genders, and of their battle against the world that doesn't want to accept them. Perhaps inevitably, given its structure, it suffers from a certain "talkiness," and I found the tone irritatingly self-congratulatory. [JML]
, The Scarlet Rider, Tom Dougherty, 1996
A scholarly mystery, all about history and research and women in Australia, told in Sussex's best wry prose. Among its subjects are women's roles on a frontier, communities of women, how men and women deal with women who act like men, and how men and women can be friends. [DS]
, "The Dead" in Starlight, Patrick Neilsen Hayden, ed.; Tor, 1996
An intense disturbing story written in Swanwick's usual elegant ice. You'll never sleep with another dead person! [KJF]
, The Tale of One Bad Rat, Dark Horse, 1996
Well drawn and well meant. The protagonist is a young girl, a homeless runaway, struggling to come to grips with her father's sexual abuse. Three things eventually save her. They are 1) self-help books, 2) a move to the country-the countryside, itself, really-wilderness-and 3) her identification with Beatrix Potter. [KJF]
, Desmodus, Headline Feature ,1995
Tem's writing always disturbs me and Desmodus is no exception. She strips the vampire myth of any black nail polished romanticism. Her matriarchal vampires are wholly unlike any others, with lives which are on the whole nasty, brutish and sometimes even short. [JL]
, Gibbon's Decline and Fall, Bantam, 1996
I love the characters, taken each by each, and I think that she's remarkably fair-handed about having good men and honorable lesbians among them, but I wish, oh how I wish, that she wouldn't insist upon Sex being What's Wrong With the World. Even when I don't agree with Tepper's conclusions, she makes me think. And I'm never, ever bored. [DS]
, "The Hermaphrodite," The Review of Contemporary Fiction, Fall, 1996
This story, written in 1960 but only just published, has some interesting threads-the notion that grief and despair are less intimate than sex, a sort of conflation of upper class with female and lower class with male. This story argues that sexuality is not just a mental construct, but that there are always physical facts to be dealt with. A deceptively simple story with a sad and inevitable conclusion. [KJF]
, "The Stupefaction" in her collection The Stupefaction; Knopf, 1996
Not to be confused with the collection of the same name by the same author in which this novella appears, this is a poetic narrative, very apt to our purposes, with some provocative bits. Because of its impressionistic approach, the images and moments last longer than the whole. [KJF]
, Map of Power, Random House, 1996
Williams' novel explores, in part, what happens when three very different people from societies with radically different ideas about gender interact. The author has the courage to confound romantic expectations by depicting this interaction as one of continuing conflict, confusion, and miscommunication, rather than resorting to a climactic, happily-ever-after resolution. [JML]
, "Natural Permanent Boy," Fantasy & Science Fiction, February 1996
A suggestive story about identical boy-girl twins and the business of growing up. [JML]
, Looking for the Madhi, Bantam, 1996
This book looked very promising. It's about an "ugly as a mud fence" female journalist who, for various reasons (e.g. to make it easier for her to report from the Middle East), dresses as a man and takes on a male persona. There's lots of potential for gender exploration here, but it all gets frittered away. We never get much sense of how the protagonist feels about her disguise, and we never find out how her Arab buddies from her days as a war-correspondent react when they find out she's a woman. The disguise just becomes a plot device. On the other hand, this book has the virtue of being about the only one I can think of in which a woman-disguised-as-a-man is truly ugly, not just slender and "boyish." [JML]
, "Utensile Strength" in her collection Book of Enchantments; Harcourt Brace, 1996
Who says gender exploration can't be fun? Wrede neatly deflates half a dozen gender-bound fairy tale conventions and provides an excellent chocolate cake recipe to boot. I laughed out loud. [JL]
, The Frequency of Souls, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1996
The story of a man trying to define himself within his relationships and without reference to or seeming awareness of the template of masculinity. The book looks at male sexuality, but is written by a woman. So is its charmingly passive male well done and refreshingly novel, or is it just a female fantasy of what men might be? I think the former, but what do I know? [KJF]